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Turkey > Aegean Region > Pergamon

Pergamon

N 39°7.923', E 27°11.027'
2008-11-08
Our rating: 6.60
Overall rating:

Pergamum (Pergamon) is an ancient city in the historical region of Moesia. Was founded in the XII century BC by immigrants from Greece. City was one of the largest economic and cultural centers of the Hellenistic world (323 BC - 30 BC). Currently the ruins of the city are located on the outskirts of modern Bergama.

Ancient Pergamon
Ancient Pergamon ©wikimedia.org

On this map you can see the approximate boundaries of the kingdom of Pergamum.

Map of the kingdom of Pergamum
Map of the kingdom of Pergamum ©periklisdeligiannis.files.wordpress.com

In Pergamum was collected the second largest (after Alexandria ) library of the ancient world. For the needs of librariy around 180 BC Pergamum first began to use a new material instead of papyrus - parchment (pergament). 200,000 scrolls of the library were captured and taken to Egypt by Mark Antony and presented to Cleopatra.

Around this same time was built a large altar of Zeus. It was taken by the Germans and now is the hallmark of the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. The city itself was found by a German archaeologist and engineer Carl Humann. He found a small marble relief from a local farmer and began intensive archaeological work. Like the altar, many valuable finds were taken to Berlin.

The main and most interesting place is the Acropolis, which is located on the mountain. It offers not only preserved ancient buildings, but also wonderful scenery.

Pergam
Pergam ©Yuriy Buriak


Pergam
Pergam ©Yuriy Buriak


Pergam
Pergam ©Yuriy Buriak


Pergam
Pergam ©Yuriy Buriak


The Acropolis is located at high altitude
The Acropolis is located at high altitude ©Yuriy Buriak


Pergam
Pergam ©Yuriy Buriak


Map of Pergamon
Map of Pergamon ©planetware.com

Getting there: by bus from Izmir (2 hours, 110 km, $6.5) every 45 minutes, from Ayvalik (1 hour 25 minutes, 60 km, $5) every hour, from Ankara (8-9 hours, 916 km, $30). During the hiighseason there are buses from Istanbul, but it is faster and cheaper to get there via Izmir. The new bus station is situated 7 kilometers from the city, use the shuttle bus ($1.5) or taxi ($12 day, $17 at night).

Akropolis working times are from 8:30 to 19:00 ($10). We visited it in November in the late afternoon, so there were few tourists. During highseason the number of tourists is very large, so it is better to come earlier. Akropolis is better to reach by cable car. It costs $4 return, but it is better to buy only one way and go down by foot.

Tags, Turkey: antique city

Tags, all countries: antique city
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